The current approaches I know are:
- Waydroid on Librem 5.
- LineageOS on Raspberry Pi 4.
I would be curious to read if someone at some point manages to run Android in QEMU on Librem 5. Or in fact any other OS in QEMU on Librem 5 would be an interesting read.
Currently any solutions have limitations in areas you mention like using the camera to do video calls ect.
What I currently do is I have Lineage OS running on Raspberry Pi where I run Whatsapp because I have friends and colleagues that use only Whatsapp. So I check Whatsapp on the Raspberry Pi from time to time. The solution works pretty well.