Maybe not, but you have to get back to the ground in someone’s jurisdiction… and that ground station could be required to disclose the location of users who’s data goes through it (theoretically) also receiving satellite signals, easy with low powered phone device. Sending signal back to the satellite, much less easy with low power. Not saying it isn’t possible just that it will probably adversely affect battery life by comparison to cellular.
So yeah, the phone will make direct connections to whatever service(s) you connect to and will need to be able to be identified and located in some capacity to get any responses back to you from the service you’re accessing.